Refrigerating apparatus.



No. 843,894. PATENTED FEB 12, 1907. J. H. HOLMGREEN. REFRIGERATINGAPPARATUS.

APPLIUATION FILED APE-22.1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 843,894. PATENTED FEB. 12, 1907. J. H. HOLMGRBEN.-

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION FILED APR.22.1904.

' 3 SHEETSSHEBT 2.

lnueufoz Q/vihwoaua I r l A I r l I g alfozmus PATENTED FEB. 12, 1907.

J. H. HOLMGREEN.' REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR-22,1904.

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J'ULiUs H. HOLMGREEN, or SAN ANTONIO, :rExAs.

REFRHGERATHNG APPARATUS.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JULIUs H. HOLMGREEN, a citizen of the United States,and resident of San Antonio, in the county of Bexar and State of Texas,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in RefrigeratingApparatus, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription, such as willlenable those skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same, reference be,-

ing a part of this specification.

The invention relates to improvements in refrigerating apparatusof thatdescription in which the coil is composed of two pipes of difierentdiameters placed one inside of the other and provided with means forcausing the refrigerating medium to pass through one of the pipes to beacted upon by the cooling or condensing agent forced through the otherpipe. I a

It more particularly relates to the construction of the coil in suchdevices. The coils of such device in ordinary use are generally fiat andare formed of a series of straight pipes,

placed one'above the other and connected at their ends-by joints orheads. In suchconstructions the relative movement of the inner and outerpipes, owing to the unequal expan: sion and contraction, causes'theirconnections' to work loose, with a consequential leakage. Theseconnections also form pockets in which sediment or other obstructivematter collects an'dimpairs the circulation. Alsothe use of thesejoints, which are numerous, and heads renders the construction cumbersome and expensive.

In the invention in the present instance it is proposed to form the coilof pipes helically arranged. By doing this a comparatively few jointswill be re uired, and consequently fewer pockets W11 be formed to catchandretain the sediment or other'obstruct-ive matter to impair thecirculation. and by using, few er joints the construction will be lesscumbersome and less expensive. Also the strain occasioned by the unequalexpansion and contraction of the pipes will be taken up by theresiliency imparted to the pipes by their helical formation and thecreeping of the joints prevented and the consequential leaka e avoided;

other apparatus. In none of these instances,

Specification of Letters Patent. v

Application filed April 22,19 0 Serial No. 204,377."

views of the holding or spacing plugs.

Patented Feb. 12, 1907.

I however, are means provided for holding the two pipes concentricexcept at their extreme ends. Consequently for a considerable part I ofthe length of the coil the innerpipe rests on This contact of the twopipes.

the outer one. prevents a propercirculation in the passage between themand acts as a trap to catch any sediment or obstructive matter carriedby the medium or agent flowing through the passage. In time theaccumulation of sediment in the lower part of the passage between thepipes would form an obstruction and would also diminish the radiatingsurface between the twopipes and the efliciency of the apparatus wouldbe impaired. Also in these instances the coils are comparatively short,as no provision is made for connecting sections of pipe so that thehelical formation can be given any considerable length.

In the present invention it is also proposed to provide means forholding the pipes comprising the helical coil in concentric relationthroughout their entire lengths to form a continuous annular passage ofuniform capacity. The holding means are utilized to control the flow ofthe medium or agent through the passage, so as to pursue a spiral coursearound the inner pipe, and thereby keep in motion any sedimentorobstructive 'matter that might have a tendency to settle or collect inthe outer pipe. This s iral flow of the medium or. agent permitsfuladvantage to be taken of the radiating-surface between the twopipes.Connections are provided that are particularlyadaptedto the pur osewhereby the helical coil may be ma e ofseveral sections of pipes, andthereby given anydesired length;

The invention whereby.the foregoing objects are accomplished consists inthe novel construction, combination, and arrangement of parts, such aswill be hereinafter fully described, pointed out in the appended claims,and illustrated in the accompanying drawings. K

In the drawings, in which similar reference characters designatecorresponding arts, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a coil emfiodymg theinvention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is an enlargeddetail view showing sections of the concentric pipes with the means forholding them in their-proper relative positions. Fig. 4 is acrosssectional view of the same. Figs. 5 and 6 are deBtail 7 is anenlarged detail sectional view showing ICC .tions of the outer pipe.'

to have a helical formation.

the connection joining the ends of sections of the inner pipe. Fig. 8 isa similar view showing'the by-pass connecting the ends of sec-, l Thecoil is composed of two concentric' pipes 10and 1.1, respectively;arranged so as It is held in shape and supported by the standards 12,made in sections bolted together at their .ends and clamped on oppositesides of the coil. The inner pipe 10 may be provided with anysuitablemeans for forcing the re-' frigerating nedium 'such asammonia-gas, through the same, and the outer pipe 11 may be connectedwith mechanism adapted to the purpose of circulating through the samethe cooling or condensingagent, such. as Water. There is considerableannular space between the two pipes, and means are provided for holdingthemin their proper concentric positions. The .outer pipe "is tapped atinter-- vals and into the openings thus formed are turned thescrew-threaded plugs 13 to. il npinge at their inner ends on the innerpipe at right angles to the axis of both pipes By adjusting these plugsthe relative positions of the two pipes can be regulated so as to have acommon longitudinalaxis and so that the annular passage between themwill be of uniform cross-area throughout its entire length. These plugsare placed at regular intervals, soas to oppose each other, and are sodisposed as, to form a spiral line in the annular space betweenthe'pipes. Also they are separated, so as to interfere as little aspossib c with the How of the cooling or condensingagent; Each plugconsists of the body Iportion 14, screw threaded to engage with t eopening in the pipe, thesquare head 15 to receive the turning-tool,andthe flatten'ed inner end 16. All the plugs are so placed that their.flattened inner ends 16 stand at an angle relative to the longitudinalaxis of the pipes, so as to form guides to cause the cooling orcondensing agent to take a spiral course through the annular passage. Bytaking such a course the agent will tend to keep in motion any sedimentor obstruc-v tive matter that might havea tendency to settle, and itwill also insure an equal flow through all parts of the annular passage,so that 'full advantage can be taken of the radiating-surface betweenthe two pipes. When it is desired to have access to the annular passagefor the urposes of ins ection, the plugs can be readily-removed. n thehead of each. plug is a slot 17-to show theposition of theinner'fl'attened end 16 and-by-means of which the proper adjustment ofsuch end in'the annular passage will be facilitated.

When of considerable length, it will be necessary to construct thehelical coil of sections of pipe joined together. For this purpose acoupling is provided for joining the ends. of

' together.

the sections of the inner pipe and also a byseasoe pass to connect theends of the sections of the outer pipe around the joint of the sectionsof the inner pipe.- On the abutting ends of two sections of the innerpipe are the flanges 18, adjacent to which are the compressible gaskets19, and over the latter and the flanges is the sleeve 20. Outside of thegaskets are the plates 21 with annular flanges .22 projecting betweenthe sleeve and the pipe-sections and bearing against the gaskets. Bymeans of the nuts 23 on the bolts 24, passing through the plates 21, thelatter can be forced together to compress the gaskets and to secure theparts of the coupling In this Way a gas-tight jointis formed between twosections of the inner 1 e. I p The by-pass' consists of two members 25,

connected by a joint consisting of the sleeve 26, placed over theflanges 27 on the adjacent ends of the members25 and over the gaskets28. outside of the flanges, and inserted in the endsof the sleeve'arethe flanges 29.0n the plates 30, which are held in place by the bolts 31The construction of this joint is substantially the same as the couplingconnecting the ends of the sections of the inner pipe.- On the innerpipe, adjacent to the ends of the outerpipe, are the casings 32,adjacent to the ends of the sections of the outer pipe. As these casingsare alike, a description of one will suffice for both. The casing hasarounded chamber 33, connecting with the annular passage formed by theinner and outer pipes, and from this chamber leads the member 25 of theb -pass, which is screwed into the casing. T e latter has an internalflange 3:1,

ICC

that-abuts the end of the outer pipe, and an extension35, that projectsover the annular nal flange 34- of the casing andthe annular flange38ofthe collar, and the casingis thereby Y held in place on the end of theouter pipe-section and leakage between the two is-prevented., On theopposite side of the casing, I

which fits the inner pipe-section, is the annular extension 39',projecting over the iii-- ner pipe-section, and between the same and thepipe is the gasket 40, which is com pressed by the flange 41 on thecollar 42, inserted in the said extension. The collar issecured in placeby the bolts 43, passing through the same into the bod of the casing.

The by-pass thus formed is o sufficient car; rying capacity to conveythe medium .or agent from one outer pipe-section to the other withoutinterfering with the flow through the annular passage. Byconstructsaaeeeing it in two parts it can be. readily adjusted. and fitted to the spacebetween two outer.

pipe-sections. y V

While the herein described construction is the preferred one, yet it canbe departed from to a considerable extent without departing posed ofhelically-arran ed pipes of. comparatively long sections an free fromjoints and of different diameters laced one inside of the other, andplugs ad justably mounted in the outer pipe and impinging on the innerpipe to hold said pipes concentric to each other thus forming an annularpassage of uniform cross-area throughout and said plugs being spirallydisposed to form a spiralcourse in the annular space between the pipes.

2. In refrigerating apparatus, a coil composed of helically-arrangedpipes of comparatively long sections andfree from joints and ofdifferent diameters placed one inside of the other thus forming anannular passage between the same, and guides mounted at in tervals insaid annular passage and spirally disposed therein to form a spiralcourse around the inner pipe. I

3. In refrigerating apparatus, a coil composed of helically-arr'angedpipes of comparatively long sections and free from' joints and ofdifferent diameters placed one inside of. the other thus forming anannular passage be ween the same, and guides adjustably mounted atintervals insaid annular passage and spirally disposed therein to form aspiral course around the inner pipe.

4.. In refrigerating apparatus, a coil com-' posed of pipes of differentdiameters placed one inside of the other and helically arranged, andplugs with flattened inner ends turned into the outer pi e and impingingon the inner pipe to hol said pipes concentric to each other thusforming an annular passage between the same of a uniform cross-area,throughout its length and with the flattened inner ends so disposed insaid passage as to form a spiral course around the innerpipe.

5. In refrigerating apparatus, a coil com posed of pipes of differentdiameters placed 35 one inside of the other and helically arranged, andplugs with flattened inner ends and provided with indicating. marks ontheir outer I ends coincident with said flattened inner ends turned intothe outer )ipe and impinging on the inner/pipe to hol d said pipesconcentric to each other thus forming an annular passage between thesame of uniform cross-area throughout its length and with the flattenedinner ends so disposed in said passage as to form a spiral course aroundthe inner posed of helically-arranged pipes of different diametersplaced one inside of the other, and

plugs with guides on their inner ends adjustably mounted inthe outer pie and impinging on the inner pipe to -hol thesaid pipes concentric toeach other thus forming 'an annular passage of uniform cross areathroughout and said plugs being spirally disposed. and the guidesadjusted to form a spiral course around the inner pipe.

7 7. In refrigerating apparatus, a coilcom posed of sections of pipes ofdifferent diameters placed one inside of the other and helically'arranged, means for holding said pipe sectionsconcentric to each otherto forman annular passage between the same, a joint connecting two innerpipe-sections, and a bypass consisting of two members joined at theirinner ends and connected by couplings at their outer ends with the endsof two outer pipe-sections. and extending around the joint connectingtwo inner pipe-sections. 7V

In testimony whereof I hereunto my signature in the presence of twowitnesses. I 'QIIJLIIJS H. HOLMGREEN.

.Witnesses: E. I Harries, 7 Vro'ron KEL ER.

6. In refrigerating apparatus, a coil com-

